New records of Passiflora subgenus Decaloba ( Passifloraceae )

New records of 5 species of Passiflora subgenus Decaloba (Passiflora amalocarpa, P. auriculata, P. longilobis, P. saxicola, and P. transversalis) from various municipalities, Brazilian states, and Latin American countries are documented. Therefore, this survey contributes to the knowledge and geographical distribution of the family Passifloraceae sensu stricto. Records of P. longilobis and P. transversalis, species previously considered endemic to Brazil, were confirmed from Bolivia and Panama, and from Argentina, Paraguay, and Uruguay, respectively.

Passiflora misera Kunth forms a complex composed of 7 species: P. amalocarpa Barb.Rodr., P. longilobis Hoehne, P. misera, P. pardifolia Vanderpl., P. porophylla Vell., P. saxicola Gontsch., and P. transversalis M.A. Milward-de-Azevedo.They are vines, which are characterized by: flat to cylindrical stems; bilobate leaf blades with ocelli; flowers with 1 or 2 series of corona filaments, external filaments filiform or dolabriform, and internal filaments with capitate apex, ellipsoidal to fusiform ovary; and ellipsoidal or fusiform berries.They may be easily confused in the absence of flowers and may occur sympatrically, which makes their identification difficult.
The present work is a result of an ongoing taxonomic revision of the Passiflora subg.Decaloba in Brazil and provides brief descriptions, taxonomic and ecological comments, as well as distributional maps showing new records of 5 species.The complete descriptions and distributions of these species can be found in Milward- de-Azevedo et al. (2012).
The terminological concepts used for the descriptions follow Rizzini (1977) and Stearn (1995).The previously known occurrence points were taken from Milward- de-Azevedo (2007) andMilward-de-Azevedo et al. (2012), and the new occurrence points were based on the localities as provided by the collectors.A distribution map was built using the online tool SimpleMappr (http://www.simplemappr.net/).The vegetation classification system adopted follows the Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatísitca (IBGE 2012) for South America and Anderson et al. (2008) for Central America.

Results
The previously known geographic distributions of 5 species belonging to Passiflora subg.Decaloba are extended: Passiflora amalocarpa is recorded for the first time from the municipality of São Francisco do Guaporé (Rondônia, Brazil), and also Guyana and Venezuela; P. auriculata from the Brazilian states of Maranhão, Rio de Janeiro, and Rio Grande do Norte; P. longilobis from Bolivia and Panama; P. saxicola from the Brazilian states of Espírito Santo, Mato Grosso do Sul, and Pará; and P. transversalis from the Brazilian states of Mato Grosso and Mato Grosso do Sul, as well as Argentina, Paraguay, and Uruguay.sepals and petals oblong with acute, corona biseriate, external filaments filiform with apex acute, rarely lobate, internal filaments filiform with apex bilobate, operculum denticulate, limen annular, ovary ellipsoid and tomentose.Fruit a berry globose to subglobose, sparsely tomentose.Seeds obovate, testa with transversal grooves.Considered to be endemic in Brazil, P. longilobis is known to occur in states of Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul, Paraná, and Tocantins (Milward-de-Azevedo et al. 2012).However, it is now recorded from Bolivia and Panama (Fig. 5).This species is thought to be endemic to the Savanna, occurring in Pantanal wetlands and Chaco vegetation, and is generally associated with rivers, várzeas (seasonal floodplain forest inundated by whitewater rivers), or flooded areas (Milward-de-Azevedo et al. 2012).In Panama it was found in humid tropical lowland rainforest.

Passiflora longilobis
Identification.Stem flattened to complanate, striate, and verrucose.Stipules linear-subulate.Leaves with petioles without glands, blades 2-lobed, ocelli present.Bracts linear-subulate.Flowers solitary, sepals and petals oblong with apex acute, corona biseriate, external filaments filiform, verrucose with apex acute, internal filaments filiform with apex bilobate, operculum denticulate, limen recurved, ovary fusiform and glabrous.Fruit a berry, ellipsoid, glabrous.Seeds obovoid, testa with transverse grooves.It is distinguished from other species of the P. misera complex by its extremely narrow leaf blades, flowers with a fusiform and glabrous ovary, and ellipsoidal, glabrous fruits.Endemic in Brazil, this species is known to occur in the states of Bahia, Goiás, Mato Grosso, Paraíba, and Rio de Janeiro (Milward-de-Azevedo et al. 2012).It is now recorded from the states of Espírito Santo, Mato Grosso do Sul, and Pará (Fig. 7).This species presents a Brazilian Central Atlantic (Atlantic Forest and Amazon Rainforest) distribution pattern, with a disjunct distribution.It occurs in areas of restinga vegetation and Tropical Rainforest, Montane Dense Forest, and Savannas.Generally found in regions on sandy soils with a predominance of grassland or shrub vegetation (Milwardde-Azevedo et al. 2012).

Passiflora saxicola
Identification.Stem flattened, striate, verrucose.Stipules linear-subulate.Leaves with petioles without glands, blades 2-or 3-lobed, ocelli present.Bracts linear-subulate.Flowers solitary, sepals and petals oblong with apex acute, corona biseriate, external filaments liguliform with apex capitate, internal filaments filiform with apex bilobate, operculum denticulate, limen annular, ovary ellipsoid and glabrous.Fruit a berry, ellipsoid and glabrous.Seeds obovoid, testa with transversal grooves.It is distinguished from other species of the P. misera complex by the rounded, truncated, or emarginated lobe apices and the ellipsoidal and glabrous ovaries and fruits.Identification.Stem semicylindrical to flattened, striate.Stipules linear-subulate.Leaves with petioles without glands, blades 2-lobed, ocelli present.Bracts linearsubulate.Flowers solitary, sepals and petals oblong with apex acute, corona biseriate, external filaments filiform with apex acute, internal filaments filiform with apex 2-lobate, operculum denticulate, limen annular, ovary ellipsoid and pubescent.Fruit a berry, globose to subglobose, pubescent.Seeds ellipsoid to obovoid, testa with transverse grooves.It is distinguished from other species of the P. misera complex by not having verrucose stems and by its flowers with ellipsoidal and pubescent ovaries and its pubescent, globose to subglobose fruits.(Milward-de-Azevedo et al. 2012).This species has a disjunct distribution with a Meridional and Atlantic distribution pattern, and the new records extended its distribution beyond Brazil.
These new records expand the known distributions of 5 species of Passiflora subg.Decaloba.Many studies with new records in Passifloraceae, such as Silva et al. (2016Silva et al. ( , 2018) ) and Mezzonato-Pires et al. (2017, 2018), show the importance of filling distribution gaps and mapping occurrence sites.The new records presented here reinforce the need for more collections, especially in the Amazonian Domain, as well as the correct identification of specimens by specialists.Due mostly to misidentifications, new records of P. longilobis and P. transversalis, previously considered endemic to Brazil, were confirmed from Bolivia and Panama, and from Argentina, Paraguay and Uruguay, respectively.

Discussion
Passiflora amalocarpa appears in dense and open Ombrophilous Forest, and Seasonal Semideciduous Forest (Milward-de-Azevedo et al. 2012), but it can also occur in Savannas.Passiflora auriculata is typical of the Amazonian Equatorial Domain, but it also occurs in the Atlantic Forest Domain in southeastern Brazil (Espírito Santo, Minas Gerais, and Rio de Janeiro) in areas covered by dense and open Ombrophilous Forest (Milward-de-Azevedo et al. 2012); in northeastern Brazil (Rio Grande do Norte), this species occurs in remnants of Atlantic Forest.Passiflora longilobis, which is considered endemic to Brazil, is practically endemic to the Savanna Domain, where it occurs in Pantanal and Dense Ombrophilous Forest associated with rivers, flooded areas, and várzeas (Milward-de-Azevedo et al. 2012).However, the new record in Panama, exceptionally, was from tropical rainforest.Passiflora saxicola is restricted to Brazil, occurring in areas of Savanna and restinga on sandy soils with grassland or shrub vegetation (Milward-de-Azevedo et al. 2012).Passiflora transversalis was previously considered endemic to Brazil, where it occurs in areas of Dense Ombrophilous Forest, Steppe, and secondary forest