First records of water scavenger beetle species ( Coleoptera , Hydrophilidae ) from Quindío Department , Colombia

A list of species of Hydrophilidae from Quindío Department, Colombia is presented. This list is based on recently collected specimens, a survey of data from the literature, and specimens deposited in the Colección de Insectos de la Universidad del Quindío (CIUQ). Twenty-three species, including 16 new records from Colombia, are listed. Information about biology of each species and a checklist of the overall Colombian species are given.


Introduction
Currently, there are few taxonomic and ecologic published studies about Colombian aquatic beetles.Studies on specific groups or families are even fewer.Data on biodiversity of the Hydrophilidae of Colombia is extremely limited, as well as information about habitat preference, feeding habits, life cycle, and geographic distribution of species (Arias-Díaz et al. 2007).According to the major species catalogues (Hansen 1999, Short and Hebauer 2006, Short and Fikáček 2011), there are 34 species recorded from Colombia, including representatives of the subfamilies Acidocerinae (2 spp.), Enochrinae (2 spp.), Hydrophilinae (20 spp.), and Sphaeridiinae (10 spp.).The present list contributes to the knowledge of diversity and biology of Colombian hydrophilid beetles andadds new localities in Quindío Department.
Diagnosis.Body 2.20-2.30mm long.Dorsal coloration evenly black.Punctation on head fine and dense, on pronotum fine and sparse, on elytra strongly impressed forming longitudinal striae.Mesoventral process elevated with a tooth-like projection on anterior margin and a posterior elevation.Parameres shorter than median lobe, widened and rounded at apex; median lobe cylindrical, apex rounded; phallobase somewhat as long as parameres.
Geographic distribution.Brazil (Amazonia), Panama, and Venezuela.First record from Quindío Department and from Colombia.

Hemiosus aequatorialis
Diagnosis.Body 2.30-2.50mm long.Head and pronotum black with greenish to reddish metallic sheen; elytra pale brown with black maculae.Punctation on head and pronotum dense and strongly impressed; elytral striae strongly impressed.Mesoventral process strongly elevated, deeply hollowed longitudinally, in lateral view anterior margin strongly projected as a tooth, followed by a smaller elevation almost as high as anterior tooth, posterior portion also salient.Parameres longer than median lobe, apices slightly acuminate, concave on outer margin, straight on inner margin; median lobe wide basally, slightly slender and rounded at apex; phallobase somewhat shorter than parameres.Remarks.Specimens were collected along riverbanks and in temporary ponds on muddy leaf litter as well as on muddy/stony and stony/sandy substrates.

Geographic distribution
Tropisternus collaris (Fabricius, 1775)  Diagnosis.Body 6-10 mm long.Dorsal coloration palebrown to yellow, pronotum dark brown to black on medial portion with metallic green suboval spot.Punctation on head, pronotum and elytra fine and strongly impressed.Each elytron with four longitudinal metallic green lines.Prosternum elevated, medially opened, which receive anterior margin of mesoventrite process.Last abdominal ventrite with wide subtriangular protuberance, which overlaps 3/5 of ventrite length.Parameres sinuate on inner margin, projected on outer margin, wide at base, longer than median lobe; median lobe slender at apex, abruptly widened on basal half; phallobase somewhat shorter than parameres.Remarks.Specimens were collected in ponds, in marshes, and along riverbanks, on muddy/sandy, muddy/leaf litter, muddy/stony, and muddy substrates, as well as on submerged vegetation.Orchymont, 1922 (Figs 17, 41)  Diagnosis.Body 11-13 mm long.Head, pronotum and elytra dark brown.Meso-metaventral process forming a Remarks.Specimens were collected in marshes on mud and submerged vegetation.
Diagnosis.Body 1.80-2.00mm long.Dorsal coloration metallic green, pale brown on pronotal margins and on posterior third of elytra.Prosternum carinate, with a rounded tooth-like projection on anterior margin.Parameres slightly longer than median lobe, outer margin sinuate at apex and slightly convex on inner margin; median lobe with apex sharp, narrowed on the medial Remarks.Specimens were found in ponds and along riverbanks, on muddy/leaf litter, muddy/sandy, stony/sandy and muddy substrates.
Diagnosis.Remarks.Specimens were collected in ponds and marshes and along riverbanks, on muddy/sandy, muddy/leaf litter, muddy/stony, and stony/sandy substrates.

Subfamily Sphaeridiinae Tribe Coelostomatini
Phaenonotum exstriatum (Say, 1835)  Remarks.Specimens were found in marshes on muddy substrates and on submerged vegetation.Phaenonotum sp. 1 was very difficult to identify given that in many cases the genitalia have slight differences.The external morphology of this species needs to be carefully studied.
Diagnosis.Body 2.00-2.30mm long.Dorsal coloration dark brown to black.Each elytron with ten striae with strongly impressed punctures.Prosternum slightly carinate medially with a small rounded tooth-like projection on anterior margin.Mesoventral process flat, elongate, pentagonal, acuminate on anterior margin and truncate on posterior margin, with punctures coarse and strongly impressed.Abdominal ventrite I carinate medially, slightly overlapping anterior margin of ventrite II.Parameres longer than median lobe, widened at apex and base, concave on inner margin; median lobe wide at base, narrow and rounded at apex; phallobase strongly asymmetrical at base.Diagnosis.Body 2.10-2.50mm long.Head and pronotum reddish-brown, elytra slightly darker.Punctures on elytra strongly impressed forming ten longitudinal striae on each elytron.Prosternum slightly carinate on anterior quarter, anteriorly elevated as a rounded small tooth.Mesoventrite flat, pentagonal, elongate.Parameres as longer as or slightly longer than median lobe, widened and rounded at apex; median lobe wide basally, narrow and rounded at apex; phallobase asymmetrical.Geographic distribution.Argentina, Brazil, Guatemala, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, and Venezuela; introduced to France and Italy.First record from Quindío Department and from Colombia.
Remarks.Specimens were found in phytotelmata in the inflorescence of Calathea inocephala, C. lutea, Heliconia latisphata and H. stricta.These plants have characteristic small water tanks and show different stages of decomposition of their inflorescences.

Discussion
Most of the knowledge about Colombian Hydrophilidae available is from late 19th to 20th centuries (e.g., Régimbart 1901, Orchymont 1921a, 1922, Zaitzev 1908, Leech 1943, Blackwelder 1944).Some of these works did not provide precise locality and almost never biological information.There is a clear lack of taxonomic data and knowledge on the distribution of this family, especially in Colombia, where the high diversity and the range of environments suitable to the occurrence of these beetles is little-studied.
Thirty-seven species of Hydrophilidae were previously known from Colombia.Even with the limited sampling made in Quindío Department, our study significantly improves our knowledge of this family with 16 new species records.Our list, as well as summarizing environmental and habitat information, gives an overview of the biodiversity of the Hydrophilidae species in the field.We hope that this study will be valuable as a foundation to guide students and researchers in future studies on the family.These data may enable the use of hydrophilid species in research on basic and applied ecology, sustainable use of water (Archangelsky and Durand 1992), biological control of agricultural pests (Koppenhofer and Schmutterer 1993), vectors of diseases (Shaalan and Canyon 2009), and even forensic sciences (Almeida and Mise 2009).

Figure 48 .
Figure 48.Distribution map of species of Hydrophilidae in the Quindío Department, Colombia.

Table 2 .
Distribution records of Hydrophilidae species in Quindío Department municipalities (*New records from Colombia, † New records from Quindío Department).

Filandia Quimbaya Circasia Salento Montene- gro Armenia Calarcá La Tebaida Córdoba
; apices slightly rounded with inner margins produced and tooth-like projection on outer margins; dorsal lobule narrow, swollen apically with two protuberances; ventral lobule shorter and wider than dorsal lobule, acuminate at apex.Mesoventral process with laminar medial elevation, triangular, slightly concave at anterior portion, rounded anteriorly with a small toothlike projection pointed posteriad.Last abdominal ventrite deeply notched.Parameres wide at base, acute at apex, longer than median lobe; median lobe triangular, strongly acute at apex.
mm in length.Dorsal coloration metallic green, pale brown on pronotal margins and on posterior third of elytra.Prosternum with slightly elevation, rounded on anterior margin.Mesoventral process elevated on anterior margin with a small tooth-like projection directed posteriad.Parameres convex on outer margin; acute and slightly curve at apex.Median lobe triangular, slightly convex laterally, wider at base; phallobase strongly shorter than parameres; rounded apically.