Distribution extensions for species of the Passiflora subgenus Astrophea ( DC . ) Masters from Brazil ( Passifloraceae s . s . )

New records for species of Passiflora subgenus Astrophea are reported, contributing to the increasing distribution knowledge of the Passifloraceae in Brazil. These records are: Passiflora balbis Feuillet, from the state of Amazonas, Passiflora ceratocarpa F. Silveira, from the states of Amapá and Amazonas, Passiflora cerradensis Sacco, from Minas Gerais, Passiflora costata Mast., from Acre, Amapá, Mato Grosso, and Roraima, and Passiflora mansoi (Mart.) Mast., from Maranhão and Tocantins.

About 25 species of the P. subg.Astrophea occur in Brazil (Flora do Brasil 2017), including a newly described species, Passiflora lorenziana Mezzonato & Bernacci, for the group (Mezzonato-Pires et al. 2016).Although the species of P. subg.Astrophea are poorly known, they NOTES ON GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION are found in all regions of Brazil, but predominantly in the North Region.
The species of P. subg.Astrophea are similar to the species of P. subg.Passiflora, but possess unique morphological characteristics that make them one of the most different categories within the genus.In addition to being woody lianas, they may also be arborescent plants lacking the tendrils.They possess inconspicuous stipules, pinnate leaf venation, petioles with 2 nectaries near the base of the leaves, and tubulose flowers (Ulmer and Mac-Dougal 2004).
The present work is a result of an ongoing taxonomic revision of the P. subg.Astrophea in Brazil, and provides descriptions, illustrations, and distribution maps of the new records of these species of Passiflora in Brazil.

Methods
The herbaria consulted were CEN, HAMAB, HUEFS, IAN, INPA, MG, NYBG, RB, SP, UB, UEC, and UPCB (acronyms are in accordance with Thiers 2017).The terminological concepts used for the descriptions are in agreement with Radford et al. (1974), Feuillet andMacDougal (2003), andMezzonato-Pires (2017).A distribution map was built using the software Quantum GIS 2.17.A stereoscopic microscope was used for the illustrations.The geographic coordinates data enclosed in indicated in brackets that they are approximate (derived by the authors) in relation to the original point.

Passiflora balbis
The species occurs in Brazil, Guyana and Venezuela (Tropicos 2017).In Brazil, it has previously been recorded from the state of Roraima, and now is newly recorded from the state of Amazonas.It is most commonly found in seasonally flooded forests at elevations of 75-1650 m (Feuillet 2002), but in Brazil they are found in terra firme forests, savannas, on the banks of "capoeiras", and among granite outcrops, at 107 m elevation.

Material
The species is endemic to Brazil and occurs in the Distrito Federal (Federal District), and in the states of Goiás and Mato Grosso.We recorded a new occurrence for the state of Minas Gerais, municipality of Formoso (Parque Nacional Grande Sertão Veredas and Rio Ponte Grande) and in Minas Gerais and Goiás, along BR 251.They are found in the phytogeographic domains of Cerrado and Cerradão, where they occur in riparian forests with stony or sandy soils, but can also be found along trails, between 300 and 1079 m.
The species has a broad distribution, with records in Guyana, French Guiana, Peru, Suriname, Venezuela, and Brazil (Tropicos 2017).In Brazil, it was initially found in the states of Amazonas, Maranhão, Pará, and Rondônia.However, based on material from national and international herbaria, new records for the states of Acre, Amapá, Mato Grosso, and Roraima were found.They occur in forests of igapó (backwater flooded forest) and várzea (seasonal floodplain forest), on islands, and along the banks of rivers, on clay soil and white sand.
Passiflora mansoi belongs to the P. sect.Pseudoastrophea.It is distinguished from P. ceratocarpa by having dolabriform external filaments with attenuated-subulate apex, whole or slightly crenulated margin and linearcapitelate or subulate internal filaments.In addition, the apex of the operculum possesses subulate filaments.
The species is restricted to Brazil (BFG 2015), where it has been known to occur in the states of Goiás, Mato Grosso, and Mato Grosso do Sul, and now with new occurrences for the states of Maranhão and Tocantins, in areas of cerrado and cerradões, along the borders of roads, on clay and sandy soil, and red latosol.

Discussion
These new records expand the known distributions of 5 species of P. subg.Astrophea indicating more areas requiring attention for the conservation of these species.
Studies of Passifloraceae in Amazonia are scarce, with the most representative being Flora da Reserva Ducke (Hopkins and Souza 1999).Four new species were recently described for the Amazon (Vanderplank and Zappi 2011, Souza and Hopkins 2011, Koch et al. 2013, Mezzonato-Pires et al. 2016), only one of which belonged to the P. subg.Astrophea.Thus, although none of the new records of the present work deal with species completely new to science, they comprise occurrence records for species of a group that is poorly known in Brazil.

Figure 1 .
Figure 1.Distribution map of new occurrences of species of P. subg.Astrophea for Brazil.