New mosquito records ( Diptera : Culicidae ) from northwestern Argentina

The geographic distributions of Aedes casali, Ae. meprai, Culex acharistus, Cx. bidens, Cx. coronator, Cx. dolosus, Cx. saltanensis, Cx. imitator, Haemagogus janthin­ omys and Psorophora cyanescens are extended. This contribution updates the mosquito fauna listed for Argentina, increasing the number of species for the provinces of Jujuy, La Rioja and Santiago del Estero from 55 to 62, 22 to 25 and 25 to 26, respectively. Data on collection localities, habitat of immature stages, and health importance are also presented.

Argentina has been the scene of epidemics of mosquitoborne diseases, and therefore, there has been a concentration of several studies related to the diversity of these insects in the first half of the 20th century (Linares et al. 2011). Subsequent re-emerging diseases such as dengue fever, and the emergence and spread of the St. Louis encephalitis over the last two decades (Almirón 2010;Contigiani 2010) have motivated the continuation and expansion of the studies on mosquitoes in the country. Knowledge of the distribution of mosquito species is of great importance for determining areas of potential risk for pathogen transmission. It also serves to improve management programs. Examples of these types of studies are by Darsie (1985) and Campos and Maciá (1998). The most recent updated list of species of culicids for Argentina is the annotated checklist by Rossi (2015).
The aim of this study is to present new mosquito records from northwestern Argentina. Immature specimens and adult mosquitoes were collected between 2011 and 2015, in Jujuy, Santiago del Estero and La Rioja provinces, during ecological and entomological surveillance of arboviral diseases. Adult mosquitoes were captured with CDC-light traps baited with CO 2 . Immature stages were collected from puddles, ponds and pools at ground level with a 300-ml dipper, and from bromeliads using a manual suction pump. When possible, larvae were individually reared to obtain larval and pupal exuviae associated with the respective adult. The life stages abbreviations and other terms used follows: male (M), male genitalia (MG), female (F), pupa (P), pupal exuviae (Pe), fourth-instar larva (L), larval exuviae (Le), person who identified the specimens (det.) and the collector (coll.).
Specimens were collected at 25 sites (20 in Jujuy, 1 in Santiago del Estero and 4 in La Rioja provinces) ( Figure 1). All sites with geographic and climatic data are summarized in Table 1. Phytogeographic regions follow Cabrera (1976), while climatic characteristics are based on Rivas- Martínez and Rivas-Sáenz (2015). Terminology corresponds to Bram (1967), Knight (1980, 1982), Harbach et al. (1986) and abbreviations of genera and subgenera follow Reinert (2009). Rossi (2015) is used as the basis for updates to the distribution of species in Argentina.
Specimen collection data, such as month, number of examined and deposited individuals, stage and sex, collectors and current distribution for each species are included. Materials collected were mounted as follows: adults in cardboard triangles with steel pin support, while immature stages and genitalia structures in Canada balsam on microscope slides. Voucher specimens from La Rioja province are deposited in the   Table 1. Schick, 1970 (Figure 3) Our specimens have all characters presented by Schick (1970) (Figure 3) and were identified using the key by entomological collection of the Centro de Investigaciones Entomológicas de Córdoba, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Argentina and Universidad Nacional de La Rioja, Argentina, whereas those from Jujuy and Santiago del Estero provinces are deposited in the entomological collection of the Instituto de Biología de la Altura, Universidad Nacional de Jujuy, Argentina.

Aedes (Protomacleaya) casali
Specimens were identified from larvae, males and females based on descriptions and redescriptions of the species and taxonomic keys by Consoli and de-Oliveira (1994), Darsie (1985), Forattini (2002), Lane (1953) and Schick (1970). The proposed taxonomic treatment of species in the tribe Aedini by Wilkerson et al. (2015) was followed.

New records for Jujuy province (Figures 1A, 2-10)
Aedes (Ochlerotatus) meprai Martínez & Prosen, 1953 (Figure 2) Aedes meprai is distinguishable from Ae. (Oc.) crinifer (Theobald, 1903) to present only two yellow-white flakes stripes on the scutum ( Figure 2). Because we found only one larva of the species, we were unable to describe it. San Table 1. Geographic and climatic data of sampling sites in northwestern provinces of Argentina. Site numbers correspond to mapped site numbers in Figure 1.   Theobald, 1903 (Figures 7-9) This is the only representative of its subgenus in northwestern Argentina. Silver markings lyre shaped, leaving relatively obvious areas of brown scales on mesonotum, and the bands of clear scales on tarsus allow for the identification of adults (Figures 7, 8) (Lane and Whitman 1951). Larvae (Figure 9) may be distinguished by the following characteristics: prothoracic formula 1-(1-2) -(4-6) -(1-2) -1-1-1; combs in VIII segment with 60 spines; siphonal index close to 12 and the anal papilla three times longer than segment X.

New record for Santiago del Estero province
Santiago del Estero ( in Argentina: Buenos Aires, Catamarca, Chaco, Córdoba, Corrientes, Entre Ríos, Formosa, Jujuy, La Pampa, La Rioja, Misiones, Salta, Santa Fe, Santiago del Estero and Tucumán provinces. New records for La Rioja province ( Figures 1B, 12-16) Culex (Culex) acharistus Root, 1927 This species can be distinguished in its larval stage by the shape of the dorsomentum (Figure 12), the insertion of seta 1-A near the middle of the antenna (Figure 12), the sclerotized and minutely denticulate plate of the abdominal segments and the shape of siphon ( Figure 13). The diagnostic male genitalia features are: gonostylus with normal appearance in lateral view, distal 0.75 slightly broader, apical third with minute annulations, and dorsal and lateral arm of the phallosome absent ( Figure 14) Knight 1980, 1982).