Distribution extension and geographic distribution map of Elachistocleis helianneae ( Anura : Microhylidae ) : new record for state of Amapá , Eastern Amazon

We provide a record of Elachistocleis helianneae from the municipality of Macapá, the first from the state of Amapá, northern Brazil. This is also the species’ most eastern occurrence and significantly extends the known distribution by 350 km from the closest previously known occurrence in the municipality of Belém, state of Pará; the new record is ca. 1,600 km from this species’ type locality at Humaitá, state of Amazonas.

The genus occurs in Central America and is widespread through South America, from Panama to Argentina, including Venezuela, Bolivia, Colombia, Guyana, Surinam, French Guiana, Paraguay, Uruguay, and Brazil (Nunesde-Almeida and Toledo 2012; Frost 2015).All species of Elachistocleis present morphological (robust body, short legs and small eyes), ecological (fossoriality life and explosive breeding strategy), and behavioral (presence of a sustained high pitched advertisement call) similarities (Caramaschi 2010;Toledo 2010;Toledo et al. 2010;Nunes-de-Almeida and Toledo 2012).

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(January to June), in a scrub grassland and parkland savanna.These areas are characterized by presenting herbaceous stratus in high density and the irregular presence of small trees (<4.3 m), forming a discontinuous canopy (Miranda et al. 2003; Figure 2).
Specimens were collected under license number 37907-1, issued by the Brazilian Ministry of Environment (MMA), Chico Mendes Institute for Biodiversity Conservation (ICMBio), Authorization System and Information on Biodiversity (SISBIO).The voucher specimens of E. helianneae were deposited in the Herpetological Collection of the Emilio Goeldi Paraense Museum (MPEG 37744) and Herpetological Collection of Universidade Federal do Amapá (CECCAMPOS 00122, 00227).
In Brazil, E. helianneae was reported to occur in the states of Amazonas, Pará and Rondônia (Turci and Bernarde 2008;Caramaschi 2010;Piatti et al. 2012).Besides the first state record, the occurrence of E. helianneae in the municipality of Macapá represents easternmost record for the species and extends its known distribution by 350 km from the closest previously known record in state of Pará (Figure 3).The new record is ca.1,600 km from the species' type locality in the state of Amazonas (Humaitá; 07 °35ʹ S, 062 °40ʹ W, 90 m altitude).magnus Toledo, 2010; E. matogrosso Carmaschi, 2010; E. muiraquitan Nunes-de-Almeida & Toledo, 2012; E. piauiensis Caramaschi &Jim, 1983 andE. surumu Carmaschi, 2010.Elachistocleis helianneae differs from all other congenerics mainly by its small size (snout vent length 28.7 mm in males and 36.4 mm in females) and head length slightly smaller than the head width.All individuals present a post-commisural gland poorly developed, and grayish brown dorsum with minute light spots on dorsum and dorsal surfaces of members and ventral coloration immaculate cream (Figure 1).Also E. helianneae is different of the other species in the genus by the distinctive mid-dorsal longitudinal light cream stripe, from the tip of snout to vent and by the sharp color limit between the dorsal and ventral regions and by the stripe on the posterior surface of thighs broad, irregular (Caramaschi 2010).
In this work we report the first record of Elachistocleis helianneae for the state of Amapá, in northern Brazil, in a transitional region between the Amazon Savanna and the Amazonian forest phytophysiognomies.Three males of E. helianneae were collected at the municipality of Macapá, state of Amapá, in the Experimental Field of the Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation/ EMBRAPA (00°23ʹ05ʺ N, 051°02ʹ02ʺ W; datum: WGS84), on 1 May 2013 at 19:37 h.
All collections were made during the rainy season

Figure 1 .
Figure 1.Elachistocleis helianneae from municipality of Macapá, state of Amapá, Brazil: (A) dorsolateral and (B) ventral color pattern of a live adult specimen (male; SVL 27.2 mm) collected in May 2013 at Experimental Field of the Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation/EMBRAPA, in Amazon savanna.