New records of three species of Pompilocalus Roig-Alsina ( Hymenoptera : Pompilidae ) in Brazil and Chile

Pompilocalus includes 55 species, which occur in the southern South America and its range extends up to Ecuador along the Andes. This paper presents new records for three species of Pompilocalus: P. guayamallen Roig-Alsina, P. parvulus Roig-Alsina, and P. tupi RoigAlsina. These records represent new limits of the distribution range of those species.

Species of Pompilocalus show slight color variation and are distinguished mainly by proportion of morphometric measurements (Roig-Alsina 1989).Species of the genus have been found in the southern South America extending to Ecuador along the Andes.Some species, such as P. guayamallen Roig-Alsina, are known only from the type locality, while other species are widespread in the Chilian Subregion proposed by Wallace (1876).Herein, we present new records for three species of Pompilocalus: P. guayamallen, P. parvulus Roig-Alsina and P. tupi Roig-Alsina.
The species' identifications were done based on the Roig-Alsina's (1989) keys and on specimens deposited at the Natural History Museum, London, UK (BMNH) that were determined by the Dr. Roig-Alsina.
Morphological body measurements were taken using a stereomicroscope with a micrometer rule.Abbreviations for the morphometric measurements used in the species diagnosis are the same as those adopted by Roig-Alsina (1989); they are as follow: LID = lower interocular distance; L2C = length of the second cubital cells' upper section; OOL = ocello-ocular line; POL = postocellar line; SL = stigma length; UID = upper interocular distance.To illustrate the three species, photographs were taken of the head in frontal view and the lateral habitus.Pompilocalus parvulus was photographed using the software Leica Aplication Suite (LAS) Version 3.8, and the software Auto Montage Pro Version 5.03.0061, while photos of P. guayamallen and P. tupi were processed by the software Helicon Focus.

Pompilocalus guayamallen
Distribution  Roig-Alsina, 1989 Diagnosis (female): body length: 13.7 mm; forewing: 11.51 mm; body black with metasoma weakly covered by iridescent blue pubescence; scape and pedicel darker and orangish flagellum; clypeus 2.69×-3× (3.04×) as wide as high; malar space 0.13× as high as the basal mandibular width; UID:LID: 0. Pompilocalus guayamallen has been recorded only from the type locality in Mendoza, Argentina.Herein, we record one female from Valparaiso, Chile (Figure 1).The specimen shows no morphological variation from Roig-Alsina's (1989) description (Figure 2).The new record indicates that P. guayamallen occurs across the Southern Andean Mountains, since Mendonza is located at the east of Andes, while Valparaiso is at the west side.Other species of Pompilocalus, such as P. hirticeps (Guérin-Méneville, 1838), also occur throughout east and west of Andes (Roig-Alsina 1989).

Pompilocalus tupi
Pompilocalus parvulus has been recorded for center, north and east of Argentina, and southern Brazil (Figure 1), and its record in Anhembi expands the northern limits of this species' distribution.Specimens show no morphological variation from the description (Figure 3).
Pompilocalus tupi has been recorded only from Rio de Janeiro and Santa Catarina states, Brazil.We   Roig-Alsina (1989) highlights that species of Pompilocalus commonly occur in semi-desertic, desertic and in highland ecosystems.Regarding the aspects discussed above, the occurrence of this genus in such ecosystems is more related to its evolutionary history than its ecological aspects because the predominant ecosystem in these regions is desert and semidesert (Fearnside 2001;Pallarés et al. 2005).
In conclusion, our findings expanded the distribution for three species of Pompilocalus as follows: P. guayamallen occurs in Mendoza, Argentina and Valparaiso, Chile; P. parvulus occurs in the Argentine provinces Buenos Aires, Jujuy, Catamarca, Cordoba, Misiones, San Luis, and Tucumán, and in São Paulo and Paraná states, Brazil; and P. tupi occurs in Rio de Janeiro, Rio Grande do Sul, and Santa Catarina states, Brazil.
NOTES ON GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTIONLarissa Emanoela da Silva et al. | Pompilocalus in Brazil and Chile found a new record from Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil (Figure1), which delimits the southern distribution range of P. tupi.The specimen, a female (Figure4), has slight morphological variation by presenting all flagellomeres and clypeus completely orange, while the specimens studied byRoig-Alsina  (1989)  have the last 1-3 flagellomeres dorsally blackened.The distribution of Pompilocalus fits the Chilian Subregion, reaching the south and the southeast of the Brazilian Subregion (sensu Wallace 1876).Wallace (1876) proposed these subregions as part of the Neotropical Region, featuring the Chilian Subreagion as the temperate portion of South America and delimiting it by the cold damp forests of Tierra del Fuego on the south, and by the Chaco in the northern Argentina on the north.It extends to Uruguay on the east and along the Páramo ecosystem as far as 05° S in the northwest(Wallace 1876).On the other hand, the Brazilian Subregion occupies the rest of South America, extending into Central America as far as the Isthmus of Panama(Wallace 1876).Regarding the most recent study on the South American zoogeographical regions,Morrone (2006) divided the Chilian Subregion into Andean Region, South American Transition Zone (SATZ), and part of the Neotropical Region.According toMorrone (2006), most of the Andean biota originally evolved in Patagonia and gradually spread northward vein straight.Distribution: Argentina (MZA) and Chile (VLP).Material examined: 1♀, Crawford Exp.Valparaiso, 800 ft.S.Coleman, 1903-253 [BMNH].