New records of the teiid lizards Kentropyx paulensis ( Boettger , 1893 ) and Tupinambis duseni Lönnberg , 1910 ( Squamata : Teiidae ) from the state of Minas Gerais , southeastern Brazil

Kentropyx paulensis  and Tupinambis duseni are teiid lizard species endemic to the Cerrado ecoregion. They are, respectively, considered “Vulnerable” and “Near Threatened” in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Herein, we report the occurrence of both species in the municipality of Buenopolis, Minas Gerais, representing their easternmost locality and the second state record. An updated distribution map for K. paulensis and T. duseni is presented.

arboreal formations like riparian forests and cerradões (Nogueira et al. 2009).This species is diagnosed by the presence of small dorsal scales, 15-22 femoral pores, 3-4 dorsolateral light stripes per side, and a narrow middorsal stripe extending from the parietal region, branching near the forelimbs of adults, and forming two stripes that gradually separate and coalesce at the base of the tail (Gallagher andDixon 1980, 1992).
During a survey in Serra do Cabral, specimens of Kentropyx paulensis were recorded in two sites.The first record was made on 8 December 2010, 13:30 h, on the edge of a newly grown Eucalyptus plantation, in an area of campos rupestres characterized by sandy (quartzitic) soil, surrounded by rocky outcrops, predominantly covered by herbaceous vegetation and high density of bromeliads of the genus Encholirium (17.887778° S, 44.303056° W; elevation 1267 m; Figure 1).Two individuals were found foraging: one male (SVL 50.72 mm; Figure 2) and one of undetermined sex (not collected).The second record occurred on 9 December 2010, 13:00 h, when a female (SVL 60.45 mm) was caught in a grassland area (campo limpo) with sparse flat quartzite stones (17.915833° S, 44.273814° W; elevation 1155 m).Collection permits (321185-1) were issued by the Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservacão da Biodiversidade (ICMBio).Voucher specimens were deposited at the herpetological collection of the Laboratório de Zoologia dos Vertebrados, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil (LZV/UFOP 1125S [male] and 1126S [female]).
Kentropyx paulensis was described by Boettger (1893) based on specimens from an unspecified locality in São Paulo state.Since then, the species was recorded from The Teiidae family is composed of about 140 New World lizard species (Uetz and Hošek 2014), ranging from Argentina to northeastern United States (Vitt and Caldwell 2009), with 38 species known from Brazil (Bérnils and Costa 2012;Giugliano et al. 2013;Arias et al. 2014a, b).Teiid systematics has long been controversial (for recent discussions see: Harvey et al. 2012;Giugliano et al. 2013;Pyron et al. 2013), but traditionally two subfamilies are recognized, with seven genera occurring in Brazil: Teiinae (Ameiva, Cnemidophorus, Kentropyx, Teius) and Tupinambinae (Crocodilurus, Dracaena and Tupinambis).
Here we provide new distribution records for two poorly known teiid lizards endemic to the Cerrado, Kentropyx paulensis (Boettger, 1893) and Tupinambis duseni Lönnberg, 1910.Specimens were found during a four-day herpetological survey aiming to assess the environmental impact of a silviculture project in Serra do Cabral, municipality of Buenópolis, state of Minas Gerais, Brazil.Serra do Cabral, a regional designation of an isolated plateau of the Espinhaço Range (Derby 1906;Gontijo 2008), is covered by a mosaic of Cerrado physiognomies, ranging from forest formations like cerradões and riparian forest, to open vegetation formations like savannas (cerrado sensu stricto), high elevation grasslands, rocky fields (campos rupestres) and palmmarshes (veredas) (Hatschbach et al. 2006).
Kentropyx paulensis -A medium-to-small species (snout-vent length [SVL] up to 77 mm) endemic to the Cerrado, with its core distribution in the southcentral portion of this ecoregion (Gallagher and Dixon 1992).Kentropyx paulensis is found in open habitats like grasslands and cerrado sensu stricto, being absent in New records of the teiid lizards Kentropyx paulensis (Boettger, 1893) and Tupinambis duseni Lönnberg, 1910 (Squamata: Teiidae) from the state of Minas Gerais, southeastern Brazil the department of Santa Cruz in Bolivia and from the Brazilian Federal District and states of Tocantins, Goiás, Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul, Bahia and Minas Gerais (Figure 3, Table 1).Serra do Cabral represents the easternmost locality record for K. paulensis (previously the municipality of Taubaté, São Paulo, 45.56°W), and the second record for Minas Gerais, ca.250 km E in straight-line from Paracatu, the closest known locality (Figure 3).
Two records should be cited in addition to those of Table 1.Alencar et al. (2009) mention the occurrence of Kentropyx cf.paulensis in the municipality of Diamantina, state of Minas Gerais.If the identity of the specimen is confirmed, it will supplant the present record as the easternmost record of the species and will be the third record for the state of Minas    Table 1.Gerais.In addition, several studies mention the presence of Kentropyx aff.paulensis in the Estação Ecológica Serra Geral do Tocantins and its vicinities, in Jalapão region, state of Tocantins (e.g., Nogueira 2006;Nogueira et al. 2011;Recoder et al. 2011).According to Nogueira (2006) and Werneck et al. (2009), individuals of this area are likely to represent a new species closely related to K. paulensis.
Tupinambis duseni -A large species (SVL up to 410 mm) endemic to the south-central Cerrado (Pérez and Colli 2004), occurring mainly in grasslands and cerrado sensu stricto habitat (Colli et al. 2002;Nogueira et al. 2005;Recoder and Nogueira 2007;Valdujo et al. 2009).On 8 December 2010, 13:00 h, an adult T. duseni (Figure 4) was found basking at the edge of a dirt road in a cerrado sensu  stricto area with sandy clay soil, sparse grass and trees, and evidence of recent fire (17.885556° S, 44.293333° W; elevation 1250 m; Figure 5).The specimen could not be captured, but through the photographic record we could promptly identify it as T. duseni due to the presence of convex dorsal scales, and scales on nape bigger than dorsals.These characters are absent in all other species of Tupinambis (sensu lato) (Péres 2003;Péres and Colli 2004).
Tupinambis duseni was described by Lönnberg in Lönnberg and Andersson (1910) based on a specimen collected in an unknown location in the state of Paraná, probably in Cerrado areas at the northern parts of that state.Since then, the species has been recorded in Cerrado areas of Paraguay and the Brazilian Federal District and states of Bahia, Goiás, Mato Grosso, Minas Gerais and Tocantins (Figure 6, Table 2).Serra do Cabral represents the easternmost locality record for T. duseni (previously in Correntina, Bahia, 44.95° W) and the second record for Minas Gerais, ca.335 km SE in a straight-line from Parque Nacional Grande Sertão Veredas, the closest known locality.
Evaluating whether the lack of information about a particular species is associated with its natural rarity or just the lack of information is often a hard task.According to IUCN (2001), when evaluating the conservation status of a particular species, great care should be taken in choosing between "Data Deficient" and a "Threatened" status.This is the case of Tupinambis duseni and Kentropyx paulensis.Information for these species in Minas Gerais is nearly absent.Until now both were known to only one locality in the state, without any additional data.This is certainly associated with the scarcity of even basic lizard inventories in the Cerrado of Minas Gerais.Anyway, we cannot discard the possibility that the two species were abundant in the past and suffered a severe population decline due to   2.
regional habitat loss, since we have no historical data on their occurrence in Minas Gerais.
Despite the lack of additional information, Kentropyx paulensis is considered a "Vulnerable" (VU) species in Minas Gerais, and Tupinambis duseni is "Near Threatened" (NT) (Fundação Biodiversitas 2007; COPAM 2010).In the case of K. paulensis, which is habitat-specialist, its inclusion as VU can be associated with a variety of threats such as habitat loss for the establishment of monocultures, invasion of exotic grasses and changes in natural fire regimes (Fundação Biodiversitas 2007;Marques et al. 2009).Because T. duseni is also a habitat specialist (Valdujo et al. 2009), it is expected it suffers the same threats as K. paulensis.
The records of Tupinambis duseni and Kentopyx paulensis for Serra do Cabral represent a considerable distribution extension for both species, and are an indicative of more populations in Minas Gerais.Nevertheless, in the past few decades much of the natural landscapes of Serra do Cabral have been replaced by Eucalyptus and Pinus plantations, an economic activity that is still increasing (Leite et al. 2011), and large human-caused fires occur frequently in the area.This is particularly alarming given Serra do Cabral is an important area of endemism of vascular plants (e.g., Zappi and Taylor 2008;Bautista et al. 2011;Echternacht et al. 2011;Loeuille, et al. 2011;Fidanza et al. 2013).Moreover, although the plateau of Serra do Cabral is poorly studied for most faunal groups, there are at least two frog species (Scinax cabralensis Drummond, Baêta &Pires, 2007, andBokermannohyla sagarana Leite, Pezzuti &Drummond, 2011)   for the occurrence of K. paulensis and T. duseni.Therefore, the presence of both species in this protected area is expected, but need to be confirmed by future surveys.

Figure 1 .
Figure 1.One of the two sites where Kentropyx paulensis was recorded in Serra do Cabral, municipality of Buenópolis, state of Minas Gerais, Brazil.

Figure 3 .
Figure 3. Distribution map of Kentropyx paulensis.Circles represent literature data and star represents the new record in Serra do Cabral, state of Minas Gerais.For locality details seeTable 1.

Figure 4 .
Figure 4. (A) Whole body and (B) detail of head of the living adult specimen (not collected) of Tupinambis duseni found in Serra do Cabral, municipality of Buenópolis, state of Minas Gerais, Brazil.

Figure 5 .
Figure 5. Site of record of Tupinambis duseni in Serra do Cabral, municipality of Buenópolis, state of Minas Gerais, Brazil.

Figure 6 .
Figure 6.Distribution map of Tupinambis duseni.Circles represent literature data, "?" represents the unknown type locality in the state of Paraná, and star represents the new record in Serra do Cabral, state of Minas Gerais.For locality details see Table2.
Prado, Norrbom & Lewinsohn, 2004)ia grandisPrado, Norrbom & Lewinsohn, 2004)with known distribution restricted to this massif.The Parque Estadual da Serra do Cabral, a protected area established in 2005 and yet poorly structured, is ca. 2 km from the study areas and presents environments favorable

Table 2 .
Locality records of Tupinambis duseni.* The geographic coordinates given by Campos et al. (2001a) (14.2083° S, 56.7766° W), do not match the PCH Foz do Cedro, and, therefore, were corrected by us.