New records of Auriculariales , Hymenochaetales and Polyporales ( Fungi : Agaricomycetes ) for the Caatinga Biome

Caatinga, a seasonally dry tropical forest (Pennington et al. 2000), is an exclusive biome mostly covering the Brazilian Semi-arid Region (3–7° S and 35–45°W, 955.000 Km2). For a long time, the region has been poorly investigated due to its apparent low biodiversity. However, it is currently considered the most environmentally diverse landscape in Brazil and might reveal high levels of biodiversity (Queiroz et al. 2006). Considering the paucity of information on macrofungi from Caatinga, revisions of herbarium material were published as attempts to recognize the fungal diversity in this unique biome (Drechsler-Santos et al. 2008b, 2009). More recently, new records were added by DrechslerSantos et al. (2010, six species of Phellinus Quél.), Gibertoni et al. (2011, three species of Trichaptum Murrill), and by Baltazar et al. (2012, seven species of Hymenochaetales Oberw. and Polyporales Gäum.). Also, Drechsler-Santos et al. (2012a, b) described two new species, Daedalea ryvardenica Drechsler-Santos and Robledo and Panus parvus Drechsler-Santos and Wartchow, respectively, and established four new records of lentinoid species for the Caatinga. Herbaria Alexandre Leal Costa (ALCB, Universidade Federal da Bahia), André Maurício Vieira de Carvalho (CEPEC, Comissão Executiva do Plano da Lavoura Cacaueira CEPLAC), Francisco José de Abreu Matos (HUVA, Universidade Estadual Vale do Acaraú) and Dárdano de Andrade Lima (IPA, Instituto Agronômico de Pernambuco) house macrofungi collections considered important for documenting fungal diversity in the Caatinga and for advancing our understanding of species distributions. Some are historical collections from prominent Brazilian mycologists such as Pe. Camille Torrend (ALCB) and Dr. Augusto Chaves Batista (IPA). The nomenclatural situation and preservation conditions of most of these specimens Abstract: Macrofungi from exclusive Brazilian biome of semi-arid region are poorly known and more efforts are necessary to document the diversity and distribution of this group among all the different ecosystems of the Caatinga. Sixty one exsiccata kept at ALCB, CEPEC, HUVA and IPA herbaria were revised which corresponded to 36 species. Fourteen of these, Auricularia polytricha, Amauroderma partitum, A. sprucei, Dichomitus cavernulosus, Flabellophora parva, Flaviporus hydrophilus, Ganoderma resinaceum, Hexagonia papyracea, Perenniporia aurantiaca, Phellinus shaferi, Polyporus ianthinus, Rigidoporus lineatus, R. ulmarius, and Steccherinum reniforme, are first records for the Caatinga biome. 1 Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Botânica, Laboratório de Micologia, Programa de Pós Graduação em Biologia Vegetal. CEP 88010-970. Florianópolis, SC, Brazil. 2 University of Oslo, Department of Biology; P.O. Box 1066 Blindern N-0316; Oslo Norway. 3 Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Departamento de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais; Rod. Ilhéus-Itabuna Km 16. CEP 44380-000. Ilhéus, BA, Brazil. 4 Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Departamento de Micologia; Av. Prof. Nelson Chaves s/n°. CEP 50670-901. Recife, PE, Brazil. * Corresponding author. E-mail: drechslersantos@yahoo.com.br Elisandro Ricardo Drechsler-Santos 1*, Leif Ryvarden 2, José Luiz Bezerra 3, Tatiana Baptista Gibertoni 4, C. A. Salvador-Montoya 1 and Maria Auxiliadora de Queiroz Calvacanti 4 New records of Auriculariales, Hymenochaetales and Polyporales (Fungi: Agaricomycetes) for the Caatinga Biome

New records of Auriculariales, Hymenochaetales and Polyporales (Fungi: Agaricomycetes) for the Caatinga Biome are poorly known (Maia et al. 2007) and in need of immediate attention.We present some results after careful examination of preserved exsiccati.
The taxonomic (macro-and micromorphology) analysis of 61 exsiccate from ALCB (16), CEPEC (36), IPA (6), and HUVA (3) revealed that they correspond to 36 species distributed among Agaricales Underw., Auriculariales J. Schröt., Gloeophyllales Thorn, Hymenochaetales, Polyporales, and Russulales Kreisel ex P.M. Kirk, P.F.Cannon and J.C. David.Duplicates of some CEPEC and IPA materials were deposited at O (University of Oslo, cfr.Holmgren et al. 1990).Most of the collections are considered important, because they correspond to unique records or to old collections of single species, sometimes infrequently recorded or recorded for the first time from Caatinga biome.The 14 new species records are as noted below.
Notes on distribution: neotropical species, from Brazil to Venezuela and Guyana, probably wide spread in the Amazon basin as suggested by Ryvarden (2004).In Brazil, this species was recorded for the biomes of Amazonia and Atlantic Rain Forest (northeast region) biomes (Gomes-Silva et al. 2010).
Notes on distribution: neotropical species with records in the Brazilian biomes of Atlantic Rain Forest (from South to Northeast), Amazon (Furtado 1981, Ryvarden 2004, Campacci and Gugliotta 2009, Gugliotta et al. 2012).The widely geographical distributed and the morphological variation of this taxon may suggest that the species could be treated as a taxonomic complex.Decock and Herrera-Figueroa (2006, with pictures pg. 5) determined a strict sense for A. sprucei and showed that the species is currently known from Brazil, Venezuela, French Guyana, Costa Rica, Belize, and Cuba, suggesting the later as a Northern limit of distribution (Decock and Herrera-Figueroa 2006).Collections from South Brazil should be taxonomically revised, adopting the strict sense of Decock and Herrera-Figueroa (2006), and then, the Southern limit of the distribution of A. sprucei could be delimited.
Notes on distribution: widely distributed species with occurrences in the tropical and subtropical regions (Lowy 1952).In Brazil, it was recorded for the biomes: Atlantic Rain Forest, Amazon and Cerrado (Jesus 1996;Drechsler-Santos et al. 2008a;Gibertoni and Drechsler-Santos 2010).
Notes on distribution: neotropical species, known only from the type locality in Peru and Brazil (Baltazar et al. 2012).In Brazil, there were only two records, from South (Parana state) and, recently, from Northeast Atlantic Rain Forest (Baltazar et al. 2012).
Notes on distribution: neotropical species according to Ginns (1980).In Brazil, this species has been recorded only for the Atlantic Rain Forest from South to Northeast (Baltazar andGibertoni 2009, Baltazar et al. 2012).Specimens from different regions should be taxonomically studied as an attempt to delimit the taxon and its geographical distribution.Boud., Patouillard, Bull. Soc. mycol. Fr. 5: 72 (1890).(Figure 1D).

Hexagonia papyracea
Notes on distribution: neotropical species (Gilbertson and Ryvarden 1986).In Brazil, there are records for the Atlantic Rain Forest, Amazon, Pantanal and Cerrado biomes (Groposso and Loguercio-Leite 2005, Bonini et al. 2008, Abrahão et al. 2012, Gugliotta et al. 2012).This species was previously recorded for the Caatinga biome by Góes-Neto and Baseia (2006), however Drechsler-Santos et al. (2009) excluded it from the checklist because the exsiccate (ALCB) was not found.Therefore, the material studied here represents the validation of H. papyraceae in the Caatinga biome.
Notes on distribution: neotropical species (Decock and Ryvarden 1999).In Brazil, this species was recorded for the Atlantic Rain Forest and Amazon biomes (Gibertoni et al. 2004b;Gomes-Silva and Gibertoni 2009).
Notes on distribution: tropical species recorded from America and Africa (Ryvarden andJohansen 1980, Ryvarden 2004).In Brazil, this species was reported for the Atlantic Rain Forest, Amazon (Baltazar and Gibertoni 2009; Gomes-Silva and Gibertoni 2009).However, we suggest that some specimens from different regions  should be taxonomically revised as an attempt to delimit the taxon and its geographical distribution.Gibertoni and Ryvarden, Synopsis fungorum 18: 53 (2004) Notes on distribution: neotropical species, known only for the Guyana and Brazil (Gibertoni et al. 2004a).In Brazil, this species was recorded for the biomes of Atlantic Rain Forest (type locality) and Amazon (Gomes-Silva and Gibertoni 2009).