crurifasciatum Myers and Donnelly, 1997: First record from Brazil and geographic distribution map

: The current note reports the presence of Hyalinobatrachium crurifasciatum at This is the first occurrence of this species in Brazil.

The family Centrolenidae Taylor, 1951 is a clade of anurans commonly known as Glassfrogs, endemic to the Neotropical region, occurring from southern Mexico through Central America and into South America mainly through the Cordillera de Los Andes from Venezuela to Bolivia, with species in the Amazonas and Orinoco River basins, the Guyana Shield region, southeastern Brazil, and northern Argentina (Frost 2010). This family currently contains 12 genera (Guayasamin et al. 2009), but only four occurs in Brazil: Cochranella Taylor, 1951;Hyalinobatrachium Ruiz-Carranza and Lynch, 1991;Teratohyla Taylor, 1951;Vitreorana Guayasamin, Castroviejo-Fisher, Trueb, Ayarzagüena, Rada andVilà, 2009 (SBH 2010).
Considerable advances in our knowledge of the Centrolenidae have been achieved, but its taxonomy is still problematic, and the natural history, ecology, and conservation status of most species are virtually unknown (Cisneros-Heredia and McDiarmid 2006). The genus Hyalinobatrachium currently contains 27 species (Frost 2010), although the taxonomic status of several of its members needs clarification (Kok and Kalamandeen 2008). In Brazil, only two species of the genus Hyalinobatrachium are found (SBH 2010;Yánez-Muñoz et al. 2009) and, in this study, we record the third species reported for Brazil and present comments about its natural history.
Hyalinobatrachium crurifasciatum was described by Myers and Donnelly (1997). According to the original description and Kok and Kalamandeen (2008), individuals present: head and dorsum of body with a pattern of pale yellow spots set in a light green reticulum dotted with melanophores ( Figure 1A); flanks unpigmented; limbs banded above in dark and paler green; parietal peritoneum clear; heart mostly visible ( Figure 1B), only part of pericardium being silvery white; intestinal tract and liver silvery white; bones white; iris golden, with sparse dark dots; humeral spine absent in adult males; ventral skin transparent, internal organs visible ( Figure 1B).

Abstract:
The current note reports the presence of Hyalinobatrachium crurifasciatum at municipality of Cotriguaçu, state of Mato Grosso, Central Brazil. This is the first occurrence of this species in Brazil. During field work on August, September and December 2009, we observed and collected several individuals of H. crurifasciatum ( Figure 1A) at São Nicolau Farm (09°51'16.9" S, 58°14'57.7" W), a protected area in municipality of Cotriguaçu (Figure 2), northwest state of Mato Grosso (permits # 10174-1, Instituto Brasileiro do Meio Ambiente e dos Recursos Naturais Renováveis -IBAMA). The area of São Nicolau Farm contains 10,000 ha, being 7,500 ha of the Amazon Rainforest and approximately 2.500 of reforestation. Other nine individuals were collected from 19-22 November 2006 at the Juína municipality (11°20' S, 59°07' W) during a study of environmental impacts of a mining area. All individuals were collected along small stream in tropical rainforest with predominance of palm tree and Heliconia sp. bushes.
The species is a nocturnal glassfrog associated with vegetation along small streams in tropical rainforest. Males of H. crurifasciatum were observed at night calling perched on palm and bushes from the undersides of leaves ( Figure 1C), 2-4 m above a forest stream or streamside ponds. The males were observed vocalizing after sunset, approximately at 19:00 h. The mean SVL in males was 21.6 ± 1.3 mm (N=3). Five clutches were found from underside of a leaf. Each clutch contained, on average, 22 eggs ( Figure  1D (Brazil, Venezuela and Guyana). Triangles represent bibliographic records and circles represent specimens examined. 1) Granitic mountain (Tamacuari, Venezuela), Type locality (Myers and Donnelly 1997), 2) Kaieteur National Park, west-central Guyana (Kok and Kalamandeen 2008), 3) São Nicolau Farm, Municipality of Cotriguaçu, Mato Grosso state, Brazil (this study), and 4) Juína, Mato Grosso state, Brazil (this study).