Mammalia , Chiroptera , Phyllostomidae , Artibeus cinereus : First record in the state of Paraná , Southern Brazil

Artibeus concolor Peters 1865, of the monotypic subgenus Koopmania, has been recorded in the Northern, Northeastern (Ceará and Piauí states) (Peracchi et al. 2006), and Central-western regions of Brazil (state of Goiás) (Zortéa and Tomaz 2006). Four species of the subgenus Dermanura occur in Brazil: Artibeus anderseni Osgood, 1916, with records in the states of Acre, Amazonas, Pará, Roraima, Rondônia, and Mato Grosso; A. glaucus Thomas 1893, which occurs in the Northern (Pará and Roraima states) and Southern regions of Brazil (Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul states); A. gnomus Handley, 1987, recorded in the states of Amazonas, Pará, Bahia, Espírito Santo, and Mato Grosso; and Artibeus cinereus (Gervais 1856), which has its type locality in the city of Belém, state of Pará (Peracchi et al. 2006; Zortéa 2007).

Artibeus cinereus is a frugivorous and seed disperser bat found in primary, riparian forests and fragments of Atlantic Forest; it also occurs in the Savanna domain (Zortéa 2007).This bat lives in small groups and uses vegetation as roosting sites, including leaf-tents (Simmons and Voss 1998).The goal of this paper is to report the first record of A. cinereus in the state of Paraná, Southern Brazil.
During bat field studies conducted at the Reserva Natural Morro da Mina (RNMM), in the state of Paraná, we captured three adult specimens of A. cinereus.The reserve, a Natural Patrimony Private Reserve, comprises an area of 3,400 hectares and is located in the Antonina and Morretes municipalities (25°21' and 25°25' S, and 48º46' and 48° 51' W; Figure 1).The reserve neighbors the Environmental Protection Areas of the Serra do Mar and Guaraqueçaba, on the largest contiguous remnants of Atlantic Forest in Brazil (SOS Mata Atlântica and INPE 2008).The main vegetation types, according to the Veloso et al. (1991) classification, are pioneer formations under marine and river-flooding influence, and the subformations of lowland, submontane, and dense, moist forests (Ferretti and Britez 2006).Systems of secondary vegetation occur as well, resulting from the total disturbance of the original vegetation.Thus, the reserve is now represented by a mix of initial, middle and advanced states of succession (M.Borgo personal communication).Following Köppen's classification, the climate of the region is Cfa, or mesothermic subtropical humid.The average annual temperature is between 20.8 and 22 ºC, with more than 2000 mm of precipitation each year occuring mostly from January to March.The average air humidity is 85 % (Ferretti and Britez 2006).
The A. cinereus specimens were collected with mist nets opened in tree-fall gaps from the ground to the forest canopy (about 30 m of height), on the "Trilha da Samambaia" (25°22.749'S and 48°48.415'W, altitude of 43 m above sea level), in a submontane forest area in an advanced stage of regeneration, after selective logging.The nets (12 x 3 m) were opened after sunset and kept opened until dawn in May, June, and July 2008, three nights per month.The total netting effort, calculated following Straube and Bianconi (2002) All the specimens have the diagnostic features proposed by Handley (1987), Simmons and Voss (1998), and Lim and Engstrom (2001) to A. cinereus.The dorsal color is medium to dark grey, and the dorsal fur is tetracolored (white basal band followed by a medium to dark grey band, another lighter band, and a distal medium to dark grey band).The ventral fur is medium grey, with a white base and slightly whitish tips.On the forearm, the base of the dorsal surface is covered by a dense, long, and smooth pilosity.The interfemoral membrane is dark grey or almost blackish, broad, and with the dorsal surface slightly furred.The ears have dark grey color, with whitish (not yellowish) external border and tragus.The facial stripes are white, broad, and bright, and the noseleaf is blackish.The individuals have molars 2/2 (third lower molar absent) and upper central incisors distinctly bilobed, with the internal lobe longer than the external.Cranially, all specimens have the supraorbital region barely inflated, deep rostrum (not flattened and without upward curvature or concavity above the dorsal surface), long and relatively broad palate, and pterygoid fossa not posteriorly narrowed.One external and thirteen cranial characters were measured using a caliper of 0.02 mm precision and criteria proposed by Taddei et al. (1998).Although A. cinereus has been reported from all Brazilian regions (Peracchi et al. 2006, Fogaça andReis 2008), mensural data for this country is only available from Rio de Janeiro, in the Southeast (Dias and Peracchi 2008).In general, these measurements are close to those reported herein for the specimens from Paraná (Table 1).

Characters
The bats collected in this study represent the first record of A. cinereus for the state of Paraná, filling an important gap in the distribution of the species.The bat fauna of Paraná state is currently represented by 61 species (Reis et al. 2008;Scultori et al. 2009), but the present knowledge about the bat fauna of this state is still far from satisfactory.According to Miretzki (2003), about two thirds of the territory of Paraná is insufficiently sampled.The Reserva Natural Morro da Mina, where the specimens of A. cinereus were captured, is located in a region considered of low priority for bat inventories (Miretzki 2003).Our results come to reinforce others studies (e.g., Miranda et al. 2006, Gazarini andBernardi 2007) that indicate the need for continuing sampling efforts in this area. ----------------

Figure 1 .
Figure 1.Location of the Submontane Forest (A) where A. cinereus was captured in the Reserva Natural Morro da Mina, state of Paraná (black).Additional Brazilian states where this species is known to occur are in gray.The dotted line is the highway PR-340.
, was 16,416 m 2 .h.This effort resulted in 103 captures of 13 bat species.All specimens of A. cinereus were preserved in 70 % alcohol and were deposited in the Mastozoological Collection of the Museu de História Natural Capão da Imbuia (MHNCI), in Curitiba, Paraná.The first specimen (MHNCI 6096), a male, was captured on May 23 rd , 2008, at 03:50 h, 15 m above ground-level.On June 25 th , 2008, a female was captured (MHNCI 6097) at 04:52 h, five meters above ground-level.The third specimen (MHNCI 6095), a male, was captured at 21:40 h, four meters above ground-level, on July 25 th , 2008.None of the individuals presented evidence of reproductive activity.